Racing pigeons have been cultivated throughout history all over the world

The average person rarely ever thinks about pigeons. Yet pigeon fanciers seem to be able to think about nothing else. It is my intention, to one day write a brief article that will show that pigeons of some form or other have been involved at the center of many of the worlds great events.

Figure 1: The dove was sent forth from the Ark to find evidence that the waters of the universal flood were receding. The olive branch which the dove carried in its beak was good news for all of us!

A pigeon was the form taken by the Holy Ghost at the baptism of Jesus Christ, King of Kings, by St. John The Baptist.

Figure 2: The Holy Ghost, the third person of the Blessed Trinity, has traditionally been represented as a dove descending from heaven.

Pigeons were involved in the building of great empires, the amassing of vast fortunes, great sieges of important cities, the great communication routes of the east, the great wars of history, the opening of important Olympic games, the feeding of entire countries or the duping and undermining of entire peoples and civilizations together with the undermining of science. It is this last point (the undermining of science) that I intend to briefly comment upon in this short article.

Recently published book by Silvio Mattacchione &Co. covers all aspects of pigeon breeding and care as well as a great number of photos of the many varieties of pigeons, racing, performance and utility that have been developed by pigeon fanciers around the world.

Figure 3: "The Pigeon Guide," a recently published book by Silvio Mattacchione & Co., covers all aspects of pigeon breeding and care as well as a great number of photos of the many varieties of pigeons (racing, performance and utility) that have been developed by pigeon fanciers around the world.

In a very real sense I am probably (that is my pigeon breeding self) the type of person that Darwin sought out, listened to, discussed with and learned from in order to better focus his own evolving ideas.

When I told my father what I had just learned he scoffed and quickly set me straight on Mr. Darwin and his ideas. The concept of "molecule to man" was really quite a remarkable stretch of the imagination. The product no doubt, of a very fertile mind. Still what did my immigrant dad know compared to all my new teachers, the new TV, the newspapers and books...oh so many books? I was really intrigued with Darwin and his theory. After all to that 4^th grader Darwin was a pigeon fancier, albeit a novice.

I was fascinated by pigeons and Darwin was equally fascinated by and studied pigeons. Darwin could have studied anything, but he had determined to study a special group of birds and that special group of birds was in fact the pigeon. Here is what he had to say:

As I was growing up, I daily enjoyed observing my pigeons, (in my back yard in Toronto, in the early 60's) and Darwin had observed pigeons at his home in the UK, as well as at the homes of so many famous British fanciers of the 19^th century.

His supposed understanding of the pigeon amongst other forms ultimately led to the formulation of a theory so powerful that we are still suffering from its effects a century and a half later. He was to convince himself that selection, eventually to be referred to as "Natural Selection" was the primordial engine by which all life was to forever move from lesser forms to higher forms, from less complicated to always more refined, more adapted and more complicated forms. The pinnacle of this process culminating in man himself! Here, in his own words, is the essence of his belief and hypothesis:

Today, the mantra of evolution is heard everywhere, repeated everywhere, (in the home, at the schools, in the churches and in the parliaments of the world). Yet clearly it is understood by virtually no one and misunderstood by virtually everyone!

Figure 6: Specialist pigeon fanciers in New York have spent the last half of the 20th century perfecting the finer qualities of the USA variety known as the "Flight." Photo courtesy of Ronda Mariani.

When you choose to breed animals, any animals and certainly when you have done so for as many years as I have, you begin to come to certain conclusions, regardless of what has or has not been postulated or hypothesized. In time I would come to write the following from my observations (which appeared in racing pigeon publications worldwide) and my hands on experience, with breeding pigeons (but certainly totally applicable to any animal or plant form):

Figure 8: The racing pigeon, as we now know it, is the result of two centuries of total dedication to selective breeding on the part of racing pigeon fanciers. The modern racing pigeon breeds true but it is a hybrid that combined the best qualities of many different pigeon varieties. The careful combination of the finest qualities of all of these different varieties resulted in a highly developed homing instinct, aerodynamic body, tremendous heart (nearly twice the size of a regular pigeon's heart) and indestructible constitution, making the racing pigeon the ultimate flying machine. Pictured above is "Phar Lap" a great-great grandson of St. Thomas, bred by Silvio Mattacchione, in 1997. Phar Lap was the Kwartha Northshore Combine Champion as well as The Oshawa Racing Pigeon Club Old Bird Champion for 1998. He flew 4,500 kilometers in 10 weeks.

"If you wish to breed good pigeons, or good animals of any kind, you must come to truly understand this simple truth. What truth? Well, the simple truth is that Nature abhors order. Nature is the great equalizer; Nature does not willingly admit of extremes. Left to herself, Nature reverts to the common form. Nature never progresses from less order to greater order, but always from order to disorder if left to her designs.

Most current livestock survive in the form in which they exist because they are beneficial to man in that form. They exist in that form because expert herdsmen (or geneticists, scientists, and others) have applied known genetic principles to common stock so as to modify them to their own ends, i.e., more milk, more meat, more eggs, faster horse, and so on. If man took himself out of the equation, the result would be a reversion or extinction of the form." [4]

Figure 9: This exceptional variety know as a "Satinette" has required tremendous work in developing the incredibly complicated features of the head and beak. Someone, a fancier, had a vision, clarified it in his own mind, prepared drawings of what his mind's eye saw and then spent his entire life working out hundreds and possibly thousands of breedings in an attempt to achieve the standard that he envisioned. Most often these works of art are established over many generations of pigeon fanciers. Photo courtesy of Ronda Mariani.

It is further worthy of note that these two universal laws (the 1^st and 2^nd laws of thermodynamics) are based upon literally thousands of scientific experiments, with no known exceptions.

"These laws state that any natural process would involve conservation (1st law) and disintegration (2nd law). Evolution demands "integration and development" and is therefore impossible." [6]

What has happened to and in the minds of people, of all levels, of all disciplines, is that they can no longer understand that "truth can never be in contradiction to truth." I remember well the words of David Goldstein LL.D. in a series of letters he wrote in 1943 where he said as follows:

In the face of these two universal laws why is it that evolution is taught to our children as fact? Certainly it makes no scientific sense. If not science then what? Well the answer certainly seems to be summed up nicely in the following quotation from D.M.S.Watson:

What does all of this really mean? Well in simplest terms it certainly seems to indicate that many scientists (geneticists, biologists, botanists, zoologists, anthropologists, paleontologists, etc.) have chosen, for many reasons (most of which have nothing to do with science) to close their collective eyes to the immutable laws of science. In essence they choose to survive in this politically correct, modern world. In most cases they do what needs to be done. Educators, who have little or no expertise of their own, in any of these areas but who, in many cases, are subject to all of the same survival and promotional considerations as the scientists in question, just do their jobs. Children world wide walk away dazed and confused. Little wonder then what we currently see around us.

W.R.Thompson, who is certainly pro-evolution, in his introduction to Origin of Species by Darwin, (page 90) had the following observation to make:

"This situation, where men rally to the defense of a doctrine they are unable to define scientifically, much less demonstrate with scientific rigor, attempting to maintain its credit with the public by the suppression of criticism and the elimination of difficulties, is abnormal and undesirable in science."[10]

What have I learned as a stockman? I know for a fact that no biologist can give any evidence that shows that any species has evolved from another. I know through observation that new varieties of plants can and are developed, as are new varieties of animals but this process cannot in any way be referred to as evolution. Yet clearly Darwin (was?) seemed to be confused (willingly so?) by this very simple distinction. He glossed over it, confused it, made light of it and sought to even have it prove what any novice stock breeder knew intuitively and that is that variety and species were fundamentally of a different order. Here is what Darwin had to say in his Chapter VIII on Hybridism in his "Origin of Species":

Figure 13: Head shot of the "long faced tumbler" as you compare each of the head shots in this article you can begin to imagine the incredible work , patience and dedication that it requires on the part of large numbers of fanciers, over many generations, to both perfect and then maintain these incredible varieties over so many countless generations. Some varieties are centuries old, some have been with us since the time of biblical man! Photo courtesy of Ronda Mariani.

Charles Darwin knew full well the difficulties inherent in his "fantasy," that he had spent his entire life formulating. One of many difficulties was certainly that of the fossil record. In Chapter X of "The Origin Of Species" there is a sub heading as follows: Intermediate Varieties Absent in any Single Formation; Sudden Appearance of Groups of Allied Species in the Lowest Known Fossiliferous Strata. Here is what Darwin had to say:

What Darwin was saying was very clear, "evolution" has very real problems ( and I leave it up to all of my supporters to sort this out) and that is that the fossil record does not in any way support the veracity of what Darwin had written. That contrary to all that he had speculated upon, the fossil record revealed ( and still reveals) all species fully formed ( no intermediate forms). The geological record did not and does not support the concept of the transmutation of species. Many knew this only too well including Aggassiz, Pictet, and Sedgwick. Darwin fully admits that from the positive evidence from paleontology his theory of evolution was impossible. Yes you read this correctly "IMPOSSIBLE!"

Yet to his supporters, then as now nothing is or was or will ever be impossible. The great fossil race was on, it was only a matter of time now and mankind could be finally free. Certainly nothing as simple as the fossil record would stand in the way of their ultimate emancipation from religion. The fossil record, like so many other records would be made to yield whatever the controllers wished.

It is always very interesting for me personally to review the records of some of the great ornithologists, people like Mr. Douglas Dewar F.Z.S..Mr . Dewar was a specialist in ornithology and one of the worlds greatest authorities on all aspects of the evolution problem. Here is what he had to say:

"The theory of evolution must stand or fall by the evidence of the fossils. These furnish the only direct evidence. If this be against the theory, no amount of indirect evidence can avail.

Fossils are the remains of, or of impressions made by animals and plants in the rocks. If an animal having a skeleton, shell, or other hard parts, be buried or covered by sediment after death before the hard parts have had time to decompose, they are likely to be preserved as fossils.

One of the most formidable objections to the evolution theory is the fact that no fossil has been discovered of an animal intermediate between creatures having a peculiar skeleton, such as bats, whales, dugongs, seals, frogs, turtles, pterodactyls, ichtyosauruses etc., and the supposed ordinary quadrupedal animals, from which, according to the theory, they have been evolved .If this theory be true, these intermediate forms must have existed in immense numbers in the past .Darwin devoted a whole chapter of The Origin0Of Species in an attempt to meet this difficulty. The best he could do was to express his belief that the fossil record is "incomparably less perfect' than is usually supposed. And, so far as I am aware no later evolutionist has been able to improve on Darwins efforts.

The Fossil Record is far more complete than Darwin supposed it to be, and than his followers admit.

Every genus of animal having a skeleton or hard parts has left a fossil remains."[13]

It is sad to observe that rather than promoting science, the pursuit of knowledge and truth the theory of Darwin has only lead to a recourse to fraud in a futile attempt to prove at any cost that man evolved from a brute beast. Dr. W.R. Thompson refers to this very fact in his introduction to The Origin of Species;

"the success of Darwinism was accompanied by a decline in scientific integrity" He gives as examples the case of the Piltdown skull, in which an apes jawbone was substituted for the original human one, and the case of the Java Man, in which a battered skullcap of a gibbon was represented as belonging to a creature half-man, half-ape, in order to provide an argument for Darwin's theory that man was descended from an ape"[14]

Anyone wishing to do additional research on the Piltdown fraud can find details in The Bulletin of The British Museum, 1953 or The Piltdown Forgery by J.S.Weiner ( London, 1955) or The Piltdown Fantasy by Francis Vere (London , 1959)

"Piltdown was discovered in 1953 to have been nothing more than an Ape's jaw placed with a human skull. It was a hoax placed on purpose. They recognized neither the jaw to be an ape's or the skull to be a human's. Instead, they declared each part as an in between of ape and human. They dated it to be 500,000 years old, gave it a name (Eoanthropus Dawsoni or `Dawn Man'), and wrote some 500 books on it. The `discovery' fooled paleontologists for forty five years."[15]

I dare say that the list, had Dr. W.R. Thompson wanted, could have been extended with many, many more examples of fraud.

"For example, he might have referred to the Australopithecinae fossils, put forward by Drs. Dart and Broom as evidence of evolution, which were proved to be just fossils of ordinary apes by Professor Zuckerman in his chapter on Evolutions as a process, edited by Dr. Julian Huxley, A.C. Hardy and E.B. Ford (1954)."[16]

The commentary found at http://emporium.turnpike.net/C/cs/evid5.htm sums up the actual fossil situation as it applies to these supposed hominids ( creatures that were assumed by evolutionists to be part man part animal , the long sought missing links).

"Nine of the twelve popularly supposed hominids are actually extinct apes/monkeys and not part human at all.

The first nine of the twelve popularly regarded hominids put forth by evolutionists by bone and skull finds have been demonstrated as being extinct apes or monkeys and not part human at all. The discovery of extinct apes demonstrated some of the finds to be monkeys/ apes. Close examination of the skulls and bones have caused experts to determine that none of the other skulls have any human characteristics either. The bones and skulls found could be any of the perhaps thousands of monkeys and apes that have existed in the past. These bones and skulls have never been found apart from where apes/monkeys live or have lived."[17]

Well this only leaves three to deal with and again the commentary found at http://emporium.turnpike.net/C/cs/evid6.htm concludes with the actual truth of these final three as follows:

"The final three supposed hominids put forth by evolutionists are actually modern human beings and not part monkey/ape at all. Therefore, all twelve of the supposed hominids can be explained as being either fully monkey/ape or fully modern human but not as something in between.

The last three of the popular twelve hominids have been demonstrated as being modern human beings. Human skulls naturally vary in size and many other characteristics. They often also are misshapen by certain diseases such as rickets, arthritis, Paget's disease, congenital syphilis, and starvation. Skulls found with diseases or normal human variations could lead one to suppose that certain modern human skulls are something less than human. This has been a great mistake by evolutionists who not only have failed to recognize variance in human skulls but also to make the public aware of it as well."[18]

Any theory that provides an incentive for "the introduction of fraud ( every single instance , without exception, of fossil man has been proven fraudulent, yet beyond the specialty journals where this evidence of fraud first appeared in some cases 50 or more years ago, no attempt is ever made by the media, by educators in elementary, secondary or post secondary schools, by most supposed scientists, by educational TV or by governmental authorities to expose the fraud) and superstition into scientific investigation, when no genuine proof could be found" [19] should be relegated to where it belongs in a dust-heap in a world of fantasy!

So clearly, (for those who wish to see and some who may wish to investigate further) evolution transgresses both of "The Laws of Thermodynamics" as well as the evidence of the "fossil record" is there additional evidence of scientific abuse in this supposed theory? We shall see but I suspect that the answer is in the affirmative !

Darwin and many others garnered substantial mileage out of supposed observations on embryology and in essence here is what Darwin had to say in Chapter XIII entitled Mutual Affinities of Organic Beings: Morphology, Embryology, Rudimentary Organs in his The Origin of Species . What follows is essentially a synopsis of the chapter mentioned from the squashed version edited by Glen Hughes from his site at www.btinternet.com/~glynhughes/ squashed/darwin.htm

"Embryology- How can we explain these several facts in embryology,- namely of the striking similarity between embryos of different species; difference in structure between the embryo and the adult;- of parts in the same individual embryo, which ultimately become very unlike and serve for diverse purposes, being at this early period of growth alike;- of embryos of different species within the same class, generally, but not universally, resembling each other;- of the structure of the embryo not being closely related to its conditions of existence, except when the embryo becomes at any period of life active and has to provide for itself;- of the embryo apparently having sometimes a higher organisation than the mature animal. I believe that all these facts can be explained only on the view of descent with modification" [20]

Figure 14 This is really where it all begins. Pictured is a direct son of St. Thomas x Peggy ( the full sister to St. Thomas) called "The Patriot" sitting tightly a fresh clutch of eggs. Embryology is one of those areas that pigeon fanciers learn very early in their efforts to breed good birds.

Darwin believed that all of these supposed facts could be best explained only in terms of his theory? Well having published what is probably the bible of hatching eggs in the parrot world entitled "Parrot Incubation Procedures" ("If secularistic science cannot explain how an egg becomes a chicken in 21 days, it is certain that a scientific explanation of how an amoeba could become a university professor in 3 billion years is far from achievement" [21]) as well as having seen countless pigeons and poultry and game-birds incubated I would disagree! I am not the only person that would disagree, the following excerpts from an article written by James Perloff

"Embryology is a field that evolutionists long used to make a case for Darwin's theory. Most of us have seen those pictures in biology textbooks of developing human embryos next to developing animal embryos, and the human embryos and animals look indistinguishable. This was said to demonstrate that we share a common ancestry with these animals and thus prove the theory of evolution. These pictures were designed by German zoologist Ernst Haeckel. What few people know is that they were fakes. At Jena, the university where he taught, Haeckel was charged with fraud by five professors and convicted by a university court. His deceit was exposed in "Haeckel's Frauds and Forgeries" (1915), a book by J. Assmuth and Ernest R. Hull. They quoted 19 leading authorities of the day. Anatomist F. Keibel of Freiburg University said, "it clearly appears that Haeckel has in many cases freely invented embryos, or reproduced the illustrations given by others in a substantially changed form." Zoologist L. Rütimeyer of asle University called his distorted drawings "a sin against scientific truthfulness." [22]

"In spite of his conviction for fraud, and in spite of the exposure, Western educators continued using Haeckel's drawings in biology textbooks as proof of the theory of evolution.

The matter has finally been settled by Dr. Michael Richardson, an embryologist at St. George's Medical School, London. He found there was no record that anyone ever actually checked Haeckel's claims by systematically comparing human and other fetuses during development. He assembled a scientific team that did just that -- photographing the growing embryos of 39 different species. In a 1997 interview in The Times of London, Dr. Richardson stated, "This is one of the worst cases of scientific fraud. It's shocking to find that somebody one thought was a great scientist was deliberately misleading. It makes me angry. . What he [Haeckel] did was to take a human embryo and copy it, pretending that the salamander and the pig and all the others looked the same at the same stage of development. They don't. . These are fakes." [23]

"God has been driven out and his divine design rejected in favor of "primordial soup."

The disgrace of such one-sided education is not only the endorsed spoon-feeding of bad science and secular bias to schoolchildren and adults alike, but most alarmingly the pivotal role it plays in cultivating moral relativism in society.

The Origin of Species helped shape the philosophies of men such as Joseph Stalin and Karl Marx. In a society where we regard "communism" as the scarlet letter of our day, a surprising multitude of people readily and blindly embrace Darwinian theories of evolution."[24]

"Natural selection will accumulate all profitable variations, however slight, until they become plainly developed and appreciable by us. For instance, when a new insect first arrived on an island, selection will enlarge or reduce the wings, depending on whether a

greater number of individuals were saved by battling with the winds, or by rarely or never flying."[25]

Is this really possible? Can mutations be beneficial? Are they cumulative? Do mutations or can mutations lead to greater order, greater perfection or are mutations nothing more or less than degenerative errors in code?

"Since mutations occur according to the law of increasing entropy (disorder), it seems unreasonable to believe that they could produce increasing order and complexity. The majority of observable mutations do, in fact, appear to be bad, destroying the order of complex biological designs. Many mutations are apparently neutral, however, causing no visible effect.

Each time cell division occurs the DNA molecules that are genes must be copied so that the resulting daughter cells have the same coded information as the parent cell. A large proportion of the mutations in wild populations probably result from errors in the copying process. These may well be caused by the random heat motion of the molecules when the DNA is being copied. Radiation, certain chemicals, and other physical influences can also cause mutations. In accordance with the Second Law the effect of mutations should be to make the sequence of the letters of the genetic code message carried by the DNA molecules become more disordered or random. That is, the coded message carried by the DNA molecules should become on the average less meaningful, more and more scrambled, until it becomes nonsense after many cell divisions. Therefore, mutations should not be expected to produce increasingly complex and meaningful information content in the DNA of any species. Rather, the result should be just the opposite. This is verified in nature where most visible mutations appear to be bad for any organism.5 ^"[26]

The following quote from Rob Wipond I believe is totally applicable to Evolution and possibly many of its adherents,

"What we call rational thinking may just be a highly sophisticated and powerful method of self-delusion." (Rob Wipond).

Over the years I have had occasion to speak to Dr. Bernard d"Abrera the author of over 31 books including his last entitled The Concise Atlas Of Butterflies Of The World, on a fairly regular basis. I will therefore give him , through his latest book, the opportunity to conclude this brief article.

".I have described mankind as being capable of "great objective goodness, and much subjective evil.". The first may be defined as a propensity for the selfless pursuit of truth no matter what the cost. The second is the propensity for the selfish pursuit of any means whatever to achieve the ends that justify them, Thus, we see all around us the disorder of a new iconoclasm against rigorous and objective scientific method. The inflammable ingredients of this explosive mixture, are the lofty arrogance of the scientific elite and the appalling ignorance of simple souls, together with the appalling metaphysical ignorance of the scientific elite and the lofty arrogance of the 'democratic rights' of simple souls. And what has produced this terrible state of affairs? Why, none other than Evolutionism itself! If Evolutionists within the scientific community and the media relentlessly propagandise their hypothesis that man is a solely corporeal animal, descended from brute apes ( and the amino acid and beyond them), then millions of simple souls for their own selfish reasons, are going to believe them. These millions of simple souls lack the interest or education necessary to distinguish between speculative hypothesis and incontrovertible fact. This is especially so when a century and a half of the deliberate blurring of the lines of distinction between theory and truth in the scientific textbooks and popular literature, not to mention the media, has occurred, unopposed. It is palpably true that under such remorseless pressure, simple souls would soon begin to believe that they have no souls, simple or otherwise, but that they are indeed simple animals, albeit of a slightly more 'evolved' nature than their 'brothers and sisters', the butterflies, the rabbits, the family pets, the chimpanzees, and even the trees! Thus, paradoxically, human beings now have no souls, but the cute and cuddly animals certainly do!

Evolutionism has finally fallen victim to its own propaganda. It is the sole cause of the pathogen of the universal insanity of this nihilistic and schizophrenic age..Indeed Evolutionary Man having slandered and libeled Biblical Man into impotent irrelevance, is now leading mankind backwards down atavistic pathways into a terrifying auto-demolition of civilization and all that is transcendentally good and noble. Thus, such deadly, misguided and contradictory anthropomorphisms as movements to (a) obstruct scientific research; (b) forbid the making and keeping of collections; (c) shut down museums and laboratories; (d) frustrate natural animal husbandry, fisheries and agriculture;

(e) undertake genetic engineering for human conceits or monopolistic control; (f)influence

catastrophic social upheaval, take their genisis in the deadly germ that came out of The Enlightenment, and Mr. Darwin's defiantly brutish hypothesis that man is only just another evolving animal species."[27]

I could go on and on but I think you get the point. As a stock breeder I can safely conclude that Darwin offers us nothing of value. Breeders of all livestock need only concern themselves with the scientific findings of the Czech monk Mendel (1822-1884) who's careful experiments in plant breeding (1856) laid the groundwork for an understanding of the mechanisms of heredity. Science based upon observation and fact rather than fantasy! The pigeons that illustrate this brief article are evidence enough of the living art that can be and is created by pigeon fanciers of vision and dedication. Whether long beak or short beak, large or extremely small stature, ruffled feather, frilled or frizzled feather, crests, hoods or no feathers each is only a variety and regardless of how it looks or acts or performs it never ceases to be a pigeon. It can interbreed with all other varieties of pigeons. You can mix and match, and change the external package in a thousand different ways but the species is fixed and speciation will never take place and more to the point can never take place!

Figure 15"Satinette" a work of living art. Constantly refined through the work of dedicated pigeon fanciers and not as Darwin would wish us to believe " the chance accumulation of mutations and advantageous features". These birds are bred to a recognized and established standard because of the vision of countless pigeon fanciers around the world applying the principals first discovered by the Catholic monk Mendel! Photo courtesy of Ronda Mariani.

*all photos, images or illustrations remain the exclusive property of their respective owners or copyright holders.

1. On The Origin of Species
by Means of Natural Selection, or the Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life.
by Charles Darwin, 1859
Squashed version edited by Glyn Hughes © 2000

2. On The Origin of Species
by Means of Natural Selection, or the Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life.
by Charles Darwin, 1859
Squashed version edited by Glyn Hughes © 2000

3. On The Origin of Species
by Means of Natural Selection, or the Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life.
by Charles Darwin, 1859
Squashed version edited by Glyn Hughes © 2000

4.Successfully Breeding The Racing Pigeon http://www.silvio-co.com/pigeons/breeding.htm

By Silvio Mattacchione

5. The Twilight of Evolution, Grand Rapids: Baker Book House, 1967.

By Morris, Henry M

6. Evolution and the Modern Christian, Phillipsburg, NJ: Presbyterian and Reformed Publishing Co., 1988.

by Morris, Henry M.

7. Letters:Hebrew -Catholic to Mr. Isaacs ( 1943) by David Goldstein LL.D. (p.81)

8. Origins?, Carlisle, PA: The Banner of Truth Trust, 1988.

by Ranganathan, B.G.

9. From Ape to Man, NY: The Bubbs Merril Co., 1972.

by Wendt, Herbert.

10. The Twilight of Evolution, Grand Rapids: Baker Book House, 1967.

by Morris, Henry M.

11. On The Origin of Species
by Means of Natural Selection, or the Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life.
by Charles Darwin, 1859
Squashed version edited by Glyn Hughes © 2000

12. Science of Today And The Problems of Genesis, Tan Books And Publishers Inc, Rockford , Illinois 61105, 1993